Earth anchor



July 14, 1925.

H. M. TAYLOR EARTH ANCHOR Filed Nov. 17. 1924 4 sheets sheet 2 Invenof flMmM-O July 14, 1925. 1,546,327

H. M. TAYLOR EARTH ANCHOR Filed Nov. 17. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet s Inverfior July 14, 1925.

' H. M. TAYLOR EARTH ANCHOR Filed Nov. 17. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented July 14', 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

nEnEEEr ammo 'mYLoE, or 'roEoN'ro, on'ramo, cmann, assrenoa or 'ONE- HALF 'ro FRANK SUTCLIFFE,' or consnonocxnu; PENNSYLVANIA.

' EARTH Application filed 1i ovemher To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I HERBERT MUNBO TAY- LOB, a subject of the king of Great Britain, and a resident of the city of Toronto, the county of York, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Earth Anchors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in earth anchors with more particular reference to that type having movable flukes and.

the object of the invention is to devise an improved anchor of this type which may be readily constructed from sheet metal thus eliminatin anchors which are cast; a further object is to rovide an anchor in which the force app ied in the opening or expanding will tend to be more completely and efl'ectively utilized thanhitherto and in which the tendency of the crossheador top part of the anchor to rotate in the earth during its expanding movement is eliminated; a further object is to so construct the parts as to pro- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an anchor constructed according to my invention, the

parts being in the collapsed position.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1, the

upper portion of the near radius arm being.

broken away.

Fig. 3 is a top plan. view of theanchor in the expanded or open position.

Fig. 41s a transverse section taken on the line H of Fig. 3.

Fig.5 is a view taken similar to Fig. 3

with certain parts omitted and other parts broken away to show the manner in which the fiukes o crown of t e anchor.

6 is a detached plan view of'one of Fi the fl ukes used in my improved anchor.

the undesirable features of rate and are mounted upon the ANCHOR;

1?, 1924. Serial no. 750,400.

Fig. 7 is a section taken on'the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

.Fi 8 is a perspective view of a sheet meta crown used in my invention.

Fig. 9.is a face view of a fiat metal strip from which a bushing used in my invention 7 is formed.

Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the strip in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a top plan view of this bushing in its completed form.

Fig. 12' 1s a side elevation of this bushing, the left hand portion shown in section.

In the drawings, like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the various views.

In the form of m invention illustrated, a

crown 1 is usedywhlch is formed from sheet metal.

This crown is of rectangular-shape and t two of its opposite edges 2-2, are bent upwardly. and inwardly to form guideways 3 upon the upper face of the crown, the re- ;maining two edges 44 being bent downwardly and inwardly to form guideways 5 upon the bottom face of the crown.

These bent edges 2-2 and 44 this constitute marginal flanges forming marginal guideways above and below the crown respectively, the guideways 3 being disposed at right angles to the guideways 5.

These guideways also provi e pockets or containers for grease or other lubricant.

The crown is also provided with a central orifice 6 which will be hereinafter referred to.

Anchor flukes 7, 8, 9 and 10 are associated with the crown 1, being arranged in two pairs, one air 7-8 being mounted above the crownan the other pair 9-10 below the crown.

The pair 7 -8 are slidably mounted. within the upper guideways 3-3 and the pair 9-10 within the lower'guidewa s 5-5.

The flukes are forme from flat metal sheets and those of each pair are arran ed in superimposed relation so that they slide upon each other.

The flukes are further provided with central longitudinal slots 11 extending inwardly from one end thereof slightly beyond the The flukes are further ofl'set centrally at 12 (see Fig. 7 in articular) and are so arranged that each Euke of a pair occupies the up ermost position over approximately one he f of its width and the undermost osition over the remaining half of its wi th', this arrangement of the flukes being made possible by the slots 11 and the offsets 12.

The slots 11 in each air of flukes register with each other and with the central orifice 6 in the crown.

The flukes are further provided with longitudinally disposed channels 13 which ena e each other and constitute combined %u e guides and stiffening ribs.

A crosshead 14 is mounted. above the crown and is connected to the outer end of each fluke by a comparatively wide'fiat strap 15 which straps constitute radius arms. These straps could be provided with stiffening ribs if desired.

These straps are provided adjacent to each end with transverse slots.16 which slots are of suitable dimensions. to prevent rotation of the crosshead.

Securedto each fluke adjacent to its outer end is a clip 17 and secured upon the under side of the crosshead 14 are four clips 18.

The clips 17 and 18 extend throu h the slots 16 in the straps 15 so that each uke is positively connected to the crosshead and are shaped soas to give a double hearing at all times between the clips and straps as at A in Fig. 2.

cylindrical bushing 19 is secured within a central orifice in the crosshead 14.

In the form illustrated, this bushing is of novel construction and is formed from a fiat metal strap 20 upon one side of which are spaced protuberances 21. This strap is bent into cylindrical form so that the two ends come together.

The protuberances 21 are then spaced circumferentially about the outer face of the bushing and are disposed intermediately of its length.

In mounting the bushing 19 within the crosshead 14 the upper portion 22 (see Fig. 12) is inserted upwardly through the orifice in the crosshead until the protuberances 21 engage its under face.

The upper end of the bushing is then burred over at 23. This provides a verysecure mounting for the bushing and also the protuberances 21 provide a bearing for the cli s 18 which prevents movement of these c ips. a

This construction enables the crosshead and bushing assembly'to be hot galvanized and insures a solid and secure job.

An anchor rod 24 carrying a nut 25 forming an enlargement at its lower end, extends throu h the slots 11 in the flukes, and the centra orifice 6 in the crown and is an accurate sliding fit in the bushing 19, the nut most flukes.

The construction and operation of my invention is as follows In Figs. 1 and 2 the anchor is shown in the collapsed or closed position.

In using the anchor the usual hole of the same diameter as the colla sed diameter of the anchor is provided in t e earth and the anchor mounted upon the rod 24is inserted into the hole in thecollapsed position.

The flukes-7, 8, 9 and 10. are expanded by tapping downwardly upon the crosshead 14 which is slidable upon the rod 24. When this is done the crosshead moves downwardly upon the rod and through the medium of the radius arms 15, the flukes are expanded outwardly into the positionillustrated in Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

By making the crosshead circular a striking face for the tamping bar is provided entirely around the anchor rod.

The outer ends of the flukes may be bevelled to facilitate movement outwardly through the earth.

It is to be particularly noted that the flukes of my anchor are arranged in two pairs, one pair comprising the two su erimposed flukes 7-8 being arranged above the crown 1 and the other pair comprising the two superimposed flukes 9-10 being arranged below the crown. I

By this disposition of the flukes the ressure is equalized and the movement 0 the flukes greatly facilitated. Also as the anch01 expands, the friction between each pair of flukes gradually decreases which will compensate for the extra force radually required to force the flukes furt er into the earth.

It is also to be noted that the movement of the flukes above the crown is at right angles to that below the crown.

An important feature of my invention resides in the manner of connecting the crosshead 14 to the flukes.

It is very important that this connection be of a positive nature so that the radius arms 15 can not become disconnected from the crosshead if accidentally struck by the tamping bar when expanding the anchor and by the manner in which the clips 17 and 18 engage the slots 16 this positive connection is obtained.

A further feature of my construction is that the force exerted by the arms 15 upon the flukes is strictly radial, and the flukes have no vertical or spiral climbing1 movemercilt as is the case in many anchors itherto use v This direct radial thrust is very important since it eliminates all tendency for the crosshead to rotate when the anchor is being expanded in the earth, and thus the entire force exerted upon the crosshead is efiec tively utilized in forcing the flukes radially outward. This is not the case where there is a tendenc for the anchor to rotate.

This ten ency for the anchor to rotate when being expanded in the earth has been a disadvantageous feature in anchors of this type hitherto used.

The simplicity of my construction will be evident as it will be noted that the entire anchor may be formed from sheet metal, the crown 1 bein of very simple construction and the fluhes simply being slidably mounted above and below the crown.

The anchor rod 24 which passes freely through the crown, flukes and crosshead also serves directly as a guide for the flukes.

By making the radius arms 15 in the form of Wide flat straps a much more effective bearing surface is presented to the earth than when these straps are in the nature of ro s.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have devised valuable improvements in anchors of this type by which the objects of my invention have been attained.

Various modifications may be made in my invention without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the claims and therefore the exact forms shown are to be taken as illustrative only and not ina limiting sense and I desire, that only such limitations shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art or are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an earth anchor, in combination, a substantially fiat crown provided with marginal guideways, on opposite faces thereof, and flukes associated with the crown and slidable transversely thereof in said guideways.

2. In an earth anchor, in combination, a substantially flat crown provided with marginal. guideways, on opposite faces thereof, the guideways on one face of the crown disposed at ri ht angles to those on the outer face, and flukes associated with the crown and slidable transversely thereof in said guideways.

3. In an earth anchor, in combination, a substantially fiat crown provided with inturned marginal flanges forming guideways on opposite faces of the crown, and flukes associated with the crown and slidable transversel thereof in said guideways.

4. n an earth anchor, the combination with a crown, of flukes 'slidabl carried thereby on opposite'faces thereo 5. In an earth anchor, the combination with a crown, of flukes slidably carried 7 thereby on .opposite faces thereof, the fluke movement over one face of the crown being at right angles to that over the other face.

6. In'an earth anchor, in combination, a

angles to that over the other face.

7 In an earth anchor, the combination with a crown, of plates forming superimposed flukes carried by the crown and slidable in opposite directions longitudinall of each other and across the crown, the p ane of the flukes ofi'set centrally so that each fluke occupies the uppermost osition over one portion of itswidth and t e undermost position over the remaining portion of its width.

8. In an earth anchor, the combination with a crown, of plates forming su erim- .posed flukes carried by the crown an slidable in opposite directions longitudinally of each other and across the crown, the plates formed with longitudinally disposed on agin channels constituting combined uke guides and stifiening. ribs.

9. In an earth anchor, a substantially rectangular crown formed from a metallic sheet, two opposite edges of which are turnedupwardly to form marginal guideways upon the upper face of the crown, and

the remaining two edges of which are turned downwardly to form marginal guideways upon the lower face of the crown. k

10. In an earth anchor, a crown formed from a metallic sheet, two opposite edges of which are turned upwardly to form marginal guideways upon the upper face of the crown, and the remaining two edges of which are turned downwardly to form marginal guideways upon the lower face of the crown, the upper and lower guideways disposed at right angles to each other.

11. In an earth anchor, a substantially rectangular crown formed from a metallic sheet, two opposite edges of which are turned upward and inwardly to form marginal guideways upon the upper face of the crown, and the remainin two edges of which are turned'downward y and inwardly to form marginal guideways upon the lower face'of .the crown.

HERBERT MUNRO TAYLOR.

, Witnesses: a

F. A. BOHNE,

GURAN TEALL. 

